Data for the article entitled „3D Printing and Electrospinning of Drug- and Graphene- Enhanced Polycaprolactone Scaffolds for Osteochondral Nasal Repair” Materials, 2025, 18, 1826, https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18081826
Izabella Rajzer, Anna Kurowska, Anna Nikodem, Jarosław Janusz, Adam Jabłoński, Magdalena Ziąbka, Elżbieta Menaszek, Jana Frankova, Wojciech Piekarczyk, Janusz Fabia
Izabella Rajzer: 0000-0003-1153-8677
Anna Kurowska: 0000-0003-4015-3581
Anna Nikodem: 0000-0002-1418-247X
Jarosław Janusz: 0000-0002-0266-6995
Adam Jabłoński: 0000-0002-9495-9030
Magdalena Ziąbka: 0000-0003-0702-7137
Jana Frankova: 0000-0002-9344-3569
Wojciech Piekarczyk: 0000-0001-5079-2585
Janusz Fabia: 0000-0002-6003-3918
This work was funded by the National Science Centre, Poland, in the frame of the project “3D and 4D printing of stimuli-responsive and functionally graded biomaterials for osteochondral defects regeneration”, grant number 2020/39/I/ST5/00569 (OPUS-LAP), and by Grant Agency of the Czech Republic 21-45449L. The SEM investigations were partially supported by the program Excellence Initiative—Research University for the AGH University of Krakow, grant ID 1449.
Opis
Files include the data presented in the manuscript entitled "3D Printing and Electrospinning of Drug- and Graphene- Enhanced Polycaprolactone Scaffolds for Osteochondral Nasal Repair” by I.Rajzer et al.( Materials, 2025, 18, 1826)
https://doi.org/10.3390/ma18081826
In this work, a novel bi-layered scaffold, obtained via 3D printing and electrospinning, was designed to improve osteochondral region reconstruction. The upper electrospun membranę will act as a barrier against unwanted tissue infiltration, while the lower 3D-printed layer will provide a porous structure for tissue ingrowth. Graphene was integrated into the scaffold for its antibacterial properties, and the drug Osteogenon® (OST) was added to promote bone tissue regeneration. The composite scaffolds were subjected to comprehensive physical, thermal, and mechanical evaluations. Additionally, their biological functionality was assessed by means of NHAC-kn cells. The 0.5% graphene addition to PCL significantly increased strain at break, enhancing the material ductility. GNP also acted as an effective nucleating agent, raising crystallization temperatures and supporting mineralization. The high surface area of graphene facilitated rapid apatite formation by attracting calcium and phosphate ions. This was confirmed by FTIR, μCT and SEM analyses, which highlighted the positive impact of graphene on mineral deposition. The synergistic interaction between graphene nanoplatelets and Osteogenon® created a bioactive environment that enhanced cell adhesion and proliferation, and promoted superior apatite formation. These findings highlight the scaffold’s potential as a promising biomaterial for osteochondral repair and regenerative medicine.
Data (.txt. and xlsx) includes:
Fig 2. The results of mechanical properties of 3D-printed PCL and PCL_GNP scaffolds: Young’s modulus, Tensile Strength, Strain at Break
Figure 3. DSC curves recorded over a specified temperature range at a heating or cooling rate of 10◦/min in a nitrogen atmosphere (flow 40 mL/min), respectively for samples:
Fig 3a: (1) GNP used as a modifier - heating mode /plik name: 3a DSC_GNP(1)_data/;
Fig 3a: (2) PCL base polymer /plik name: 3a DSC_PCL(2)_data/;
Fig 3b: PCL samples in granular (1) /plik name: 3b DSC_PCL(1)_data/;
Fig 3b: ES membrane (2) form PCL—heating mode /plik name: 3b DSC_PCL_ES(2)_data/;
Fig 3c: PCL_OST membrane applied to a scaffold printed from PCL filament (1) /plik name: 3c DSC_PCL_PCL_OST(1)_data/;
Fig 3c: PCL_OST membrane applied to a scaffold printed from: GNP-modified PCL filament (2) /plik name: 3c DSC_PCL_GNP_PCL_OST(2)_data/;
Fig 3d: after melting 3D scaffolds printed from PCL (1) with membrane PCL/OST—cooling mode /plik name: 3d DSC_PCL_PCL_OST(1)_data/;
Fig 3d: after melting 3D scaffolds printed from PCL_GNP (2) with membrane PCL/OST—cooling mode /plik name: 3d DSC_PCL_GNP_PCL_OST(2)_data/;
Fig. 4a. FTIR spectra of 3D-printed PCL and PCL_GNP scaffolds:
· ATR_FTIR spectra of the PCL (1) /plik name: Fig 4a_ATR_FTIR_PCL(1)_data/;
· ATR_FTIR specta of the scaffold modified with graphene PCL_GNP (2) /plik name: Fig 4a_ATR_FTIR_PCL_GNP(2)_data/;
Fig. 4b. FTIR spectra of layered samples before and after SBF immersion, analyzed from the membrane side:
· ATR_FTIR spectra of the PCL/PCL_OST (1) (Osteogenon drug modified membran on the printed PCL scaffold /plik name: Fig4b_ATR_FTIR_PCL_PCL_OST(1)_data/;
· ATR_FTIR spectra of the PCL_GNP/PCL_OST (2) (Osteogenon drug modified membran on the printed PCL_GNP scaffold (Graphene modified Polycaprolactone) /plik name: Fig4b_ATR_FTIR_PCL_GNP_PCL_OST(2)_data/;
· ATR_FTIR spectra of the PCL/PCL_OST (1) (Osteogenon drug modified membran on the printed PCL scaffold after 14 days of immersion in SBF /plik name: Fig4b_ATR_FTIR_PCL_PCL_OST_14dSBF(3)_data/;
· ATR_FTIR spectra of the PCL_GNP/PCL_OST (2) (Osteogenon drug modified membran on the printed PCL_GNP scaffold (Graphene modified Polycaprolactone) after 14 days of immersion in SBF /plik name: Fig4b_ATR_FTIR_PCL_GNP_PCL_OST_14dSBF(4)_data/;
Fig. 4c. FTIR spectra of layered samples before and after SBF immersion, analyzed from the scaffold side:
· ATR_FTIR spectra of the PCL/PCL_OST (1) (Osteogenon drug modified membran on the printed PCL scaffold /plik name: Fig4c_ATR_FTIR_PCL_PCL_OST(1)_data/;
· ATR_FTIR spectra of the PCL_GNP/PCL_OST (2) (Osteogenon drug modified membran on the printed PCL_GNP scaffold (Graphene modified Polycaprolactone) /plik name: Fig4c_ATR_FTIR_PCL_GNP_PCL_OST(2)_data/;
· ATR_FTIR spectra of the PCL/PCL_OST (1) (Osteogenon drug modified membran on the printed PCL scaffold after 14 days of immersion in SBF /plik name: Fig4c_ATR_FTIR_PCL_PCL_OST_14dSBF(3)_data/;
· ATR_FTIR spectra of the PCL_GNP/PCL_OST (2) (Osteogenon drug modified membran on the printed PCL_GNP scaffold (Graphene modified Polycaprolactone) after 14 days of immersion in SBF /plik name: Fig4c_ATR_FTIR_PCL_GNP_PCL_OST_14dSBF(4)_data/;
Figure 8. cell viability and proliferation after 7 and 28 days of culture in direct contact with scaffold. Results expressed as the mean ± SD measured at least from 3 independent experiments.
Fig 8a: Cell viability_data /plik name: Fig 8a cell viability_data/
Fig 8b: Cell proliferation_data /plik name: Fig 8b proliferation_data/
(2025)
